Improvement in machinery braiding for cordage



UNITED STATES PATENT GEEICE.

JAMES A. BAZIN, OF CANTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY BRAIDING FOR CORDAGE.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 20,690, dated June 29, 1858.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, JAMES AMIRAUX BAZIN, of Canton, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Cordage, duc., in which the strands are combined by an interlocking twist; and I do hereby declare that the following description, taken in connection with the accompanyin g drawings hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact description of the same, wherein I have set forth the principles and nature of my said improvements, by which my invention may be distinguished from others of a similar class, together with such parts as I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent.

The figures of the accompanying plate of drawings represent my improvements.

Figure l is a plan or top view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the lower portion of the same. Fig. 3 is a view in detail to be hereinafter referred to, and Fig. Ltthe circular geared plate and inner revolving gears.

In the ordinary method of making ropes the twist of the strands must always bein proportion to the twist of the rope, as it is the tendency of each strand to untwist that keeps all the strands firmly bound together by a twist in the contrary direction. Thus the twist that must necessarily be given to the strands in order to hold them firmly together must cause a constant strain upon all the fibers of which they are composed, and if a slighter twist is given to the strands, as would be required for making a soft and pliable rope, they will be liable to be thrown out of place and into kinks by careless usage. If to remedy this defect such ropes should be made by braiding, another evil will be the result. As the strands of a braided rope run spirally in contrary directions, a slight twisting of the rope either way will throw all the strain upon one-half the number of strands. The same objections hold in regard to the braiding of webbing for saddle-bands, reins, the., as in regard to the braiding of ropes, while if the same class of goods should be Inade by weaving like cloth the crossingthreads or iilling will only add weight to the fabric without in any way increasing its strength.

By my improved machine the strands are so combined as to form an interlocking twist in which the strands all take the same spiral form that they would have in the usual method of twisting, and yet hold each other more eifectually in place than can be done by braiding, 'and as the strands all maintain this spiral form irrespective of the twist in each there can be no unnecessary strain upon the iibers of which they are composed, while under all circumstances each strand will bear an equal amount of strain with all others and cannot possibly kink or become misplaced.

The novel features of my machine for forming an interlocking twist consist, iirst, in an arrangement of devices by which the spools that carry the strands are so actuated that two of the strands are held stationary while another is passing under them, (or over them, as the case may be,) therebyinterlocking the strands, and, second, in so arranging these devices as to permit the machine to be turned in either direction,as maybe desired, according to the twist in the yarns of which the strands are composed.

a d in the drawings represent the bottom supporting-stand of the machine b I) I) b I) b.

c c c represent the spools upon which the strands (shown by red lines in the drawings) are wound. Each spool is supported in bearings or standards d d, rbc., attached to short pivots or shafts e c, &c., to which are also secured two circular disks ff, Fig. 2, that fit upon and embrace the circular geared plate g g g. Every third tooth in this geared plate g g is out oft', as shown in Figs. l and 4E at h h, for a purpose that will be hereinafter explained.

I will now proceed to describe the lnanner in which every third strand is made to pass under two others, so as to form an interlocking twist.

t' i is a revolving platform made to revolve by gears l: 7s, Fig. 2, supported upon a central shaft Z Z. In the platform i 't' three gears m m m have their bearings and engage with the teeth of the circular geared plate g g. The teeth of the gears m m m engage also with the shafts e cof the spools7 and by their revolution carry them alternately by stages and in curves around the geared plate g g, the remaining spools being retained in the cut-off teeth 7L 71J of the geared plate g g, while the spools c c c are travelin g around the circle n n by means which will be presently explained. By this peculiar movement every third strand is carried under two others, thereby forming an interlocking twist.

0 0 0 o o o, Figs. 1 and 3, are irregular-shaped gears that turn upon centers p p, the., in the platform z' i and revolve with it. These gears havecurved arms q q, tbc., which, as they are carried around by the revolvingplatform c' t', playin and out on their centers p p, according as they come in contact with and bear against the pivots or shafts c e of the spools. The shaft of any one ot' the spools l) b will remain in one of the cutoff teeth h 7L until it is taken by one of the curved arms q q, which has been forced out by one portion of its curved edge traveling against the'shaft of the spool next behindit, when it Will be taken by one of the gears m and carried around the circle u, thereby carrying one strand under two others, and thus producing the interlocking twist.

This movement of the spools is clearly shown by the arrows in Fig. 3, in which one spool is represented as just entering the circle n, While another is on its wayout. It will be observed that instead of having a double series of the gears o 0 a series of single gears 0 would be sufficient to accomplish the desired result if the yarns of .which the strands are composed were always twisted in the same direction, but as this is not always the case it is necessary that the machine should be susceptible of being revolved in either direction according to the twist of the yarn. The rope as it is formed is conducted through a cop o and thence over pulleys s s and drum t revolved by gears u a, Fig. 2.

I do not intend to restrict myself to the use of the particular number of spools mentioned in the foregoing description, it being' obvious that by varying the size of the circular geared plate g g any number of spools which can be divided by three can be used.

IIaving thus described my improvements, I shall state my claim as follows: f

That I claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is-'- l. The combination of the gears mm, geared circle g g, and gears o o, with their curved arms, whereby one spool and its strand are made to travel around tWo stationary ones, and thus form an interlocking twist, "as described.

2. With the above combination of devices, the use of a series of double gears o o o 0, whereby the spools can be revolved in either direction, according to the direction of the twist of the yarns.

JAMES A. BAZIN.

Witnesses:

EZRA LINCOLN, JOSEPH GAvETT. 

